Colonies
The Original 13
Roanoke and Jamestown, New England, Middle, and Southern Colonies |
The Virginia Company was a joint-stock company in which investors bought shares, or part ownership. Investors bought shares hoping the company would make money and that they would share in the profits. The plan was for the company's settlers to find gold and establish trade in fish and furs.
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The Dutch West India Company controlled New Netherland. It wanted to increase the colony's population. To do this, the company offered large grants of land to anyone who could bring at least 50 settlers to work the land.
Penn advertised his colony throughout Europe. By 1683, more than 3,000 English, Welsh, Irish, Dutch, and German settlers had arrived. In 1701, in the Charter of Privileges, Penn granted colonists the right to elect representatives to the legislature. Philadelphia quickly became America's most prosperous city and its most popular port.
Virginia began to grow. The demand for workers was high. It took a great deal of labor to plant, tend, and harvest the tobacco crop on which the colony depended.
landowners helped meet this need through the use of enslaved Africans. The first group of 20 Africans arrived in 1619
England also shipped criminals and prisoners of war to the colonies. They could earn their release by working for a period of time—usually seven years.
Many people also came to the colonies as indentured servants , agreeing to work without pay for a certain length of time to pay for their passage to America
As the colony grew, settlers moved west—and onto Native American lands. In the 1640s, Virginia governor William Berkeley made a pledge to Native Americans. In exchange for a large piece of land
Many westerners also resented Berkeley's pledge to stay out of Native American territory. Some settled in the forbidden areas. They then blamed the government for not clearing the colony of Native Americans.
In 1676 Bacon led attacks on Native American villages (Later causing not only more land for the US but a war in which many people lost money and live)
In 1663 King Charles II created a proprietary colony south of Virginia called Carolina—Latin for “Charles's land." The king gave the colony to eight nobles. The proprietors set up estates and sold or rented land to settlers brought from England.
Farmers from inland Virginia settled northern Carolina. They grew tobacco and sold timber and tar. Northern Carolina lacked a good harbor, so farmers used Virginia's ports.
Settlers in southern Carolina took advantage of fertile land and the harbor at Charles Towne (later Charleston). Settlements there spread, and trade in deerskin, lumber, and beef thrived. Two crops came to dominate Carolina agriculture. In the 1680s, planters discovered that rice grew well in the wet coastal lowlands. Another important crop was indigo.I
n 1663 King Charles II created a proprietary colony south of Virginia called Carolina—Latin for “Charles's land." The king gave the colony to eight nobles. The proprietors set up estates and sold or rented land to settlers brought from England.
Penn advertised his colony throughout Europe. By 1683, more than 3,000 English, Welsh, Irish, Dutch, and German settlers had arrived. In 1701, in the Charter of Privileges, Penn granted colonists the right to elect representatives to the legislature. Philadelphia quickly became America's most prosperous city and its most popular port.
Virginia began to grow. The demand for workers was high. It took a great deal of labor to plant, tend, and harvest the tobacco crop on which the colony depended.
landowners helped meet this need through the use of enslaved Africans. The first group of 20 Africans arrived in 1619
England also shipped criminals and prisoners of war to the colonies. They could earn their release by working for a period of time—usually seven years.
Many people also came to the colonies as indentured servants , agreeing to work without pay for a certain length of time to pay for their passage to America
As the colony grew, settlers moved west—and onto Native American lands. In the 1640s, Virginia governor William Berkeley made a pledge to Native Americans. In exchange for a large piece of land
Many westerners also resented Berkeley's pledge to stay out of Native American territory. Some settled in the forbidden areas. They then blamed the government for not clearing the colony of Native Americans.
In 1676 Bacon led attacks on Native American villages (Later causing not only more land for the US but a war in which many people lost money and live)
In 1663 King Charles II created a proprietary colony south of Virginia called Carolina—Latin for “Charles's land." The king gave the colony to eight nobles. The proprietors set up estates and sold or rented land to settlers brought from England.
Farmers from inland Virginia settled northern Carolina. They grew tobacco and sold timber and tar. Northern Carolina lacked a good harbor, so farmers used Virginia's ports.
Settlers in southern Carolina took advantage of fertile land and the harbor at Charles Towne (later Charleston). Settlements there spread, and trade in deerskin, lumber, and beef thrived. Two crops came to dominate Carolina agriculture. In the 1680s, planters discovered that rice grew well in the wet coastal lowlands. Another important crop was indigo.I
n 1663 King Charles II created a proprietary colony south of Virginia called Carolina—Latin for “Charles's land." The king gave the colony to eight nobles. The proprietors set up estates and sold or rented land to settlers brought from England.
Colonies Exports
New England Colonies
Massachusetts- furs timber cattle fish ships rum and iron
New Hampshire-lumber furs
Connecticut - rum ships whales grain iron
Rhode Island- cattle corn lumber fish ships
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Middle Colonies
New York- cattle lumber rum grain iron fish
Pennsylvania- cattle iron lumber grains
New Jersey- fish iron cattle
Virginia- tobacco grain rum fish
Delaware- furs tobacco meat grain iron
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Southern Colonies
North Carolina- rice indigo tobacco lumber grain cattle
South Carolina- lumber grain cattle rice indigo
Georgia- indigo rice tobacco
Maryland-tobacco fish iron lumber clay ships
Virginia-Wheat flax tobacco corn iron
Massachusetts- furs timber cattle fish ships rum and iron
New Hampshire-lumber furs
Connecticut - rum ships whales grain iron
Rhode Island- cattle corn lumber fish ships
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Middle Colonies
New York- cattle lumber rum grain iron fish
Pennsylvania- cattle iron lumber grains
New Jersey- fish iron cattle
Virginia- tobacco grain rum fish
Delaware- furs tobacco meat grain iron
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Southern Colonies
North Carolina- rice indigo tobacco lumber grain cattle
South Carolina- lumber grain cattle rice indigo
Georgia- indigo rice tobacco
Maryland-tobacco fish iron lumber clay ships
Virginia-Wheat flax tobacco corn iron